CRISPUS ATTUCKS

August 18, 1859
THE NATIONAL ERA
Washington, D.C., Vol. XIII No. 659 P. 129

From the Liberator.

<< CRISPUS ATTUCKS>> ONCE A SLAVE IN MASSACHUSETTS.

BOSTON, July 26, 1859.

DEAR FRIEND GARRISON: My friend, Charles H. Morse, Esq., whose zeal as a collector of autographs and relics of the olden time is well known hereabouts, has put into my hands a copy of the Boston Gazette and Weekly Journal of Tuesday, November 20, 1750, which, among other curious items of Massachusetts history, contains the following advertisement:

"Ran away from his master, William Brown, of Framingham, on the 30th of September last, a mulatto fellow, about 27 years of age, named Crispus, well set, six feet two inches high, short curled hair, knees nearer together than common. Had on a light-colored bearskin coat, brown fustian jacket, new buckskin breeches, blue yarn stockings, and a checked shirt.
"Whoever shall take up said runaway, and convey him to his above said master at Framington, shall have Ten Rounds, old tenor, reward, and all necessary charges paid."
It will be remembered that, at the Faneuil Hall commemoration of the Boston massacre, (March 5th, 1858,) Samuel H. Brown, Esq., a grandson of the above William Brown, was present, and narrated to several persons the traditions extant in the family relating to << Crispus Attucks>> - of his goblet, powder-horn, &c.
It seems that Crispus was imbued with the spirit of Liberty in thus declaring independence of his master. He subsequently came to Boston, and worked in a ropewalk at the North End, where he rallied the men to the attack of the English forces in King street, himself being the first martyr (though a slave) in that struggle which resulted in liberty to these United States- securing to them the boon they have denied to his race.
It is somewhat remarkable, that although the impetus to the American Revolution was undeniably given on the 5th of March, 1770, and so regarded by the orators and writers of those times, yet by some persons, at the present day, this great fact is wholly ignored. For instance, F.O.C. Darley, a well-known artist, has recently drawn a fine American historical picture of the Battle of Lexington and Concord, with the caption, "First Blow for Liberty;" and in the cannon dedicated to Major John Buttrick and Capt. Isaac Davis, for their services at Concord Bridge, April 19th, 1775, on which is inscribed, "This was the beginning of a contest, in arms that ended in American independence."
Now, without the least desire to disparage the influence of the battles of Lexington and Concord upon the Revolutionary struggle, they cannot with justice be called the scenes of the first blow for Liberty, unless the 19th of April, 1775, precedes in the calendar March 5th, 1770.
Yours, for justice to Crispus Attacks,

WILLIAM C NELL.

For the Christian Recorder.
LETTER TO THE EXODUS CONVENTION.
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BY D.A. [ ]
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To George Curtis, Rep. Secretary Liberia Exodus Associating.

SIR: Allow me to tender my cordial thanks to the Council of the Liberia Exodus Association for the invitation extended me to attend a State Convention to be held at Charleston, S.C., on the 5th inst., in the interest of the ...
The serious importance of any movement looking to the departure of the colored citizen from the home of his birth, nevertheless his recollections of the past in said home are not the most consoling and satisfactory attended as was the past by great suffering, indescribable wrongs, and injustice, recommends itself to every reasonable mind. I therefore hope and trust that the convention will deliberately and unpassionately consider the undertaking before it.
I am myself, not in favor of the emigration of the colored citizen of this; or any other Southern State to Liberia at the present time and under the present circumstances. The minds of the colored citizens have been most cruelly and wickedly deluded by some enthusiastic and ignorant persons, as to the true state of Liberia its resources, and its true need of development. Indeed Liberia has been represented as having no need whatever, save recipients for its unlimited bounties. This I know not to be true. Liberia needs colonization. Colonization needs people, capital, industry, education, commercial recognition, and the Christian religion. Liberia is as the Christian religion. Liberia is as school house, the aborigines are its pupils, and those who go to colonize it must be fit and capable teachers.
The scheme of colonizing Liberia with the American negro is not a birth of today; it is the child arising out of the accused system of slavery which existed in our land. An asylum for the oppressed slave was the only question fifty-one years ago when Liberia received its first colonies from these shores. The same cause does not exist and therefore the same remedy is not necessary.
I recognise the great cause which implies the American negro to leave and forsake the great Republic at whose cradle he stood rocking it, by the sweat of his brow, into manhood and defending its independence with his blood, as did the noble son of Africa - << Crispus Attucks>> ; but I do not see the remedy in unconditional emigration to Liberia. My people are uneducated, my people are poor; they are not skilled as artizans, they need the highest association. I may be of a very much different mind when I see accompanying the laborer to Liberia, the capitalist, without whom you cannot move the machine of colonization. Furthermore I demand for Liberia a proper recognition from the more fortunate Republics of the earth. A proper commercial intercourse must be established, and not the present system of deluding the natives of the resources of their country with gew-gaws and other articles of inequivalent compensation. MONEY must be taken to Liberia along side with men, otherwise you pauperize Liberia instead of enriching her.
The great political wrongs which we have received at the hands of our more intelligent white fellow-citizens are in themselves an apparent sufficient cause, to subject ourselves no longer to them, but no people ever conquered wrong by leaving it to itself. Let us battle for the right. Great as are our wrongs, deep as is the injustice handed out towards us in Legislative Halls, in courts of justice, in the church and in every vocation in life, yet I ask, and who can deny, that in them all, not only history is repeating itself, but the ever revolving wheel of acts produced by hitherto like causes.
Our history fellow citizens of the convention is the history of the Anglo-Saxon succeeding the Norman conquest. Of the Hungarians under the Prussian political tyranny, and the Republic of the United States of America must be taught from the pages of the history of Hungary - and Poland to do the right thing or suffer. It is not our color but our condition which makes us easy victims of injustice.
I recommend to the convention that no person should be encouraged to go to Africa who had not, or to whom $250 and 50 acres of land were not secured, and that no more than 1000 person should emigrate in a year. God grant the convention wisdom.

Orangeburgh, S.C.
Sept. 3rd 1877.

CONTENTS.

FIRST PAGE.

The Cradle Tomb - A Nationality - Notes, by the Way - Florida Conference Continued.

SECOND PAGE.

Note from Harrisburgh - Noe from Kentucky - Nature of Faith, Obituary - Word from Missouri = A Presentation - &c., &c.

THIRD PAGE.

Scripture Circulation in India - Church News - Dollar Money Record - Centennial - Appointments.

FOURTH PAGE.

Grains of Salt - General Conference Papers - The Allen Monument - Brevities - Personals - Religious Items.

FIFTH PAGE.

Notes of Travel in the South - Help better than Pity - The [ ] Bible - Miscellaneous.

SIXTH PAGE.

SELECT READING - rock of Ages - Centennial Pictures No. 2 - << Crispus Attucks>> - TO THE YOUNG - Gold Lock's dream o. Pussie - Willow - Nio and Meg - &c., &c.

SEVENTH PAGE.

Biblical Research - Lectures on Preaching - Sunday School - &c., &c.

EIGHTH PAGE.

Hygiene - A valuable life closed - Ministerial Education - Distinguished Women of the Bible - Advertisements.

BOOKS, PERIODICALS, &C.
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“The Myrtle Branch,” Boston: Andrew F. Graves. This is a beautifully bound volume dedicated to the Young Folks. It deserved an earlier notice at our hands, but got overlooked. Received from Perkinpine & Higgins, 56 N. Fourth St., where we hope some of our readers will go and supply their little ones with such reading matter as will both instruct and please them.
“The Methodist Quarterly Review,” Jan. 1869. This venerable Quarterly begins the New Year well, we might indeed say excellently. All the articles are readable and instructive. Dr. Crane in his New American Histories, handles Prof. Draper without gloves; he does not exactly say he is mad; but declares “there are minds so peculiarly constituted that they can hardly pursue intently any branch of scientific research without falling victims to some theoretical crotchet which gives reason a twist and renders it wholly unreliable within the circle of the delusion.” Dr. J.T. Peck's History of the Great Republic, is landed with out stint, as we think it deserves to be. “India as a Mission Field,” is pointed out by Rev. T.J. Scott of Budaon, India. Prof. Bonnett of Berlin, contributes, “John Tauler and His Theology.” “The Metropolis of the Pacific,” is from the pen of Rev. Dr. Thomas of San Francisco. The paper contributed by Prof. Jewell of the “Geological Evidence of the Antiquity of Man,” is certainly a word in season and fitly spoken. But the article of the Magazine is from the hand of a Negro, Prof. Blyden of Liberia College. His subject is “The Negro in Ancient History.” We admire the judgement of Prof. Blyden, which leads him to direct his whole attention to the Negro question. Would that more of our learned men would do so. Herein can every Negro best serve his race; herein can he get the public ear readiest. Our wisest men but waste powder when they attempt any other historical subject than that which pertains to a vindication of their race. One lecture on Touissant, or << Crispus Attucks>> , is worth a half dozen on William the Silent, or Thaddeus Steven. Some rich friend could not do a better thing than have Prof. Blyden's article put in pamphlet form for gratuitous circulation. Every minister ought to subscribe pay for, and read the Methodist Quarterly.
“Vick's Illustrated, Catalogue and Floral Guide for 1869.” We have received this publication, and would commend it to those of our readers who love flowers. Let me whisper in the ears of our colored farmers out West; Adorn your homes, beautify your gardens. Let the tastes of your sons and daughters be refined by the cultivation of flowers. Send 10 cents to Jas. Vick, importer of choice flower and vegetable seeds, Rochester, NY, and get a catalogue.
“The Galaxy,” for February, is full of the most readable papers. We would feel that we had done a good service for a few of our most advanced readers could we persuade them to subscribe for this able monthly. Subscription, $4.00. Address Sheldon & Co., 498 Broadway, New York City.
“The School Day Visitor,” for February, is before us. We but repeat the wish heretofore made, that our parents would supply their children with just such reading matter as this monthly gives. Daughaday & Becker, 424 Walnut St., Philadelphia, $1.25 per year.
“The Phrenological Journal,” for February is brimful of the most interesting papers. On the illustrated cover to this magazine, will Prof. Welis be kind enough to weigh the interrogatory we put to him, Why does he represent the Saxon by the highest and the Negro by the lowest type of the race?
Packard's Monthly. The Young Men's Magazine. In the February number, Horace Greeley, Elihu Burritt, and Oliver Dyer figure. All the articles are first class. Our Colored Young men's Christian Associations could not do a better thing than urge its members to subscribe for Packard. $1 a year. Address S.S. Packard, 937 Broadway.
The New Eclectic Magazine, February Turnbull & Murdoch, Baltimore, 54 Lexington St. The articles are all good, especially. “Christ and Civilization,” and “Baltimore.” This latter, which is very good poetry is incomplete, and we beg the author to allow us to add a few additional stanzas. They may not be as good poetry as the rest, but their greater truth will atone for this deficiency. The lines are addressed to Baltimore.

She bartered in the flesh of men
And women frail, caged in a pen
Paid college debts with black children.

She took the Negro's hard-earned mite,
That her white poor might learn to write,
To write-but no to do the right.

Would weary women wish to ride
Negro women-they are denied,
Or roughly told to go outside;

The Hand o Jesus. Boston: Andrew F. Graves, publisher.
The hand of the Lord Christ, potent as it is to lift up, to guide, to preserve and finally crown, is the subject upon which Rev. J. Chaplin, D.D., has prepared the above work. The aid afforded by the Savior to His followers at all stages of the Christian pilgrimage is treated of in words that take hold upon the soul. Aside from the “Book of Life,” the young Christian can scarcely find a more fitting companion book.
Received through Perkinpine & Higgins, 56 North 4th St.

A REBUKE TO THE REPUBLICAN PARTY.

“THEY KNOW THAT THE COLORED ELEMENT IS OF NO ADVANTAGE TO THE COUNTRY.”

BY A.W. BOWMAN.

MR. EDITOR: - The above sentence was taken from the Morning News of Savannah, June 19th in the body of a letter from one of its correspondents of St. Mary's, Ga., who signs himself C.H. The origin of this sentence in the above-mentioned letter of C.H. came by way of a rebuke in the Republican Party. This defamer of the colored race, after vilifying the Republican Party to some very great extent, made a certain turn in his letter and composed the above sentence. “They (he means the Republican Party) know that the colored element is of no advantage to the country.” How any sane man of the nineteenth century, who has helped to educate a race into ignorance, superstition and debauchery, after knowing, as I presume C.H. does, the worth of the black man to these United States, and than to say, in his own language, that the “colored race is of no advantage to the country, is certainly not creditable to him.
Now let us see what has been the past advantages of the black race to this country. Again let us see whether the black man has ever shared in any of the great events that took place in this country in the last and present century. One of the first martyrs to the cause of American liberty was a colored man. In 1770 in the city of Boston, the soldiery and the citizens came in collision in the streets, the soldiery fired into the crowd killing three persons, one of whom was a colored man by the name of << Crispus Attucks>> . This colored hero, just before he fell a victim to the England ballot, made use of these words: Seeing the soldiers he said, “let us charge the red-coat boys, and whip them.” On saying these words he was struck by a bullet and laid a swoon to the fatal wound. This brave feat of the black hero has been quietly passed over by the white historians because the performer was an African. Had this been a white man a monument would have been erected to perpetuate his memory. But attucks was an African and hits is the only reason know for not mentioning this bold, intrepid African leader and protomartyr of American liberty.
Every person that ever read American history, knows the failures of the colonies in Virginia up to 1620. Shipload after shipload perished, chiefly from starvation, until August, 1620. THE King, in order to provide for the emergency of bread, even sent convicts to the colonies to work the public lands, and this scheme, too, proved a failure. Some came to American for one purpose and some for another. Some sought gold and wanted to play the gentleman. While all of these imaginary glories were bright on the brain, these men's share of bread was short. Finally, in August 1830, a Dutch baroque sailed up the James River, in Virginia, with twenty heads of Africans, who were sold into an ignominious slavery to the colonists. From this very date the colony had new life infused into it; everything became plentiful, corn, tobacco, potatoes, and everything else were produced in abundance, and from then until now, prosperity has abounded all over this vast domain of the United States. We see from these undeniable facts, that as soon as the African put his hand in it, prosperity followed. And now at this late day, when the black man has made this country what it is, with his muscle, C.H. rises u and as they are “of no advantage to the country. Monstrous injustice! Let us come now to Georgia, where C.H. lives. When Georgia was founded by Ogiethrope, it was intended for a home for the poor, needy and wretched. Slavery was not allowed in the colony. For fifty years the colony was a grand failure for the want of labor, though every man had twenty-five acres of land allotted to him. This unhappy state of things went on for fifty years, until at last, Oglethrope surrendered his charter, and with it his authority as Governor. Georgia became a Royal province, fell into the hands of new rulers, and immediately, slavery was admitted, when new impulses were given to every industry, and prosperity like in Virginia followed. WE need not refer to the humanity of the colored race or to our magnanimity, but just think of the late war, and whether any other race of people on the globe would have had the humans heart that the black man had? Today Georgia has a colored vote of ninety thousand who own six million dollars worth of taxable property, and yet C.H. says “this colored element is of no advantage to the country.” Certainly he does not mean this at all when he is supported in St. Mary's by this same colored element that he tells the world “is of no advantage to the country,” to a great extent, as a physician. Again we are branched with the name Negro, which is untrue. This word is made up of the Latin adverb Ne, which means not, and the Swedish verb gro, (grow). Now it is plain if Ne means not, and gro means to advance, spring up, enlarge, etc., etc., what if the two are put together just as they are, would they not then express the meaning intended? Which is not grow, cannot grow, unable to grow, etc., etc. I am sure it does. As we are black our proper name would be “Niger” (black) instead of “Negro” (can't grow, etc., etc.) I never take any pleasure in using the name, because I can see at once its meaning of significance.
Aroela, Bullock Co., Ga.

SAUNTERING.

BY WILL H. THOMAS.

An early ride in a cool, refreshing atmosphere, was most propitious and enjoyable. We had a fine view of the Bay and adjourning country as we rode over the Old Colony road.
A plain, demure looking maiden, now a bride, getting abroad the train at one of the way stations, somewhat enlivened the otherwise monotonous ride to New Bedford; not that she talked not a bit of chat did she have for her lord, but the shy, coyish glances told everything, though it seemed more like affectation than native modesty. Being on the masturer side of thirty, she was doubtless unconscience of the interest her white veil and lilac-colored flowers excited. The groom was still plainer looking, and plainer dressed, in fact, his well worn clothes indicated anything but affluence; but then, plain looks and plain clothes are nothing if the heart is angelic in devotion. Beginning late in life to realize the pleasures of connubial bliss, let us fondly hope that their guardian angel will award to them that repose which is so often withheld from their more favored brothers and sisters.
New Bedford is a second Joppa, full so ships and men that go down to the sea, the birthplace of Liberty to many poor bondsmen. IT was Douglass' first free home where he severely learned that liberty in blatant speech and practice, are sometimes held inversely and incompatible in the opinion of overzealous sentimental friends.
From here we go to Martha's' Vineyard in a steamer. The boat is spacious and crowded. One dark-hued “Brother,” who evidently had more presumption than sense, strolled through the boat, memorandum book in hand, and occasionally jotting down, apparently items of facts, but really scribbling just such a scrawl as my little six year old Frank makes when he writers “a letter to papa.”
Martha's Vineyard is charming in fact that all has been claimed for it; but it is not by any means a Paradise. Oh no, only a sandy, wooded island.
Passed Taunton, a town of considerable size, the soil everywhere presents the same aspect, barren and low, with an entire absence of that freshness so peculiar to the West. Yet to the student and nature, design is not wanting in all this. Just such a rigid climate and sterile soil was required to develop that sturdy class of New Englanders who have constituted the bone and sinew of the nation's life, on more than one occasion.

I called at Gen. Butler's office; he is literally besieged by friend and foe. No man in the State has so many visitors and no man exercises so great a power as he. A radical of the Radicals. He has now employed as assistant to his private secretary, a colored youth from New Bedford, and a sprightly young man of pleasing address and excellent qualifications as a short hand reporter. His confidential Secretary has been fairly worked down during the canvass.

My estimate of Gen. Butler is, that he is a bold, fearless man, but lacks sagacity. Holding an open hand, his enemies have penetration enough to discover his whereabouts before his plans are fully developed, but his very persistency and indomitable energy, should give him the Governership to which he is justly entitled. (Over the left, as they say out West. Ed.)

I visited Bunker Hill Monument, walking over the same ground trodden by our Revolutionary sires, then went several miles distant to the spot where our wounded were put in hospital on that day. Then I stood in the street and on the spot, as tradition tell us, where << Crispus Attucks>> met his fate like a brave chieftain. Every spot of ground hereabout is made sacred by historical reminiscence. A run out to Malden, brought me up to Bishop Haven's. We lunched, then came to town. He kindly showed me over the burnt district, now so rapidly being rebuilt. Handsome edifices go up in the place of others that were equally as handsome. Life and activity are displayed everywhere everybody is busy, to work and drive a shrewd bargain is inbred in these people.

Through the kindness of Bro. McFee tending us passes, we went down to Hamilton Camp Ground, a pleasant run of twenty miles or there about from the city; passed through Lynn and Salem, both cities of note and thrift; one, the center of a large manufacturing trade, the other, notorious in its earlier history for its persecution of witchcraft. After spending an hour or so on the campground, and taking supper, we returned to Boston on the evening train.
Massachusetts is made up of cities, towns, railroads, and telegraphs spreading out in all directions, the forerunners of and the constituent elements in a higher civilization yet to come.
Boston is proverbial for the intricate windings of its streets, still its whole appearance is massive and grand, every way in keeping with its characteristic traits as the intellectual center of the Western world.
Humanity will have its blights and decays the colored people crowd together in one or two quarters; many of them are very low and debased, possessing a sort of refined exterior and imitative superiority which to the keen eye of experience, shows to be nothing more than the whited sepulchre of base corruption, the hideous skeleton of a wretched depravity.

August 25, 1854
FREDERICK DOUGLASS' PAPER
Rochester, New York

EQUAL SCHOOL RIGHTS.

All proscriptive distinctions in Society based upon the accidents of birth, fortune, complexion, or any other fortuitous circumstance, are, obviously, in direct conflict with the fundamental Law of Man's Equality. This is a declaration that carries upon its face, the evidence of its truthfulness. It is one addressed not to our reflective faculties, but, simply, to our mental and moral Intuition.

All men are the children of one Common Father, who regards them with an equal eye. The purse-proud aristocrat, with his chains of gold, and the trampled slave, with his chains of iron, were formed with equal care by the plastic hand of the same great Architect. And any attempt to thrust aside one man and woman; any attempt to brutalize them, because of an alleged defect in the workmanship, is a flagrant insult to Him who crated him in His own image.

If all men should recognize the force of this great truth, and regard their fellow men as children of the same impartial Parent, the demon of caste, whom this democratic nation delights to honor, would soon be compelled to hide from the withering gaze of a healthy public sentiment, and hie to his native home.
Americans talk loudly about the caste of Hindu, as though it were a very cruel thing. But this nation our-Hindus every other in its adhesion to the Anti-Christian, and anti-Republican principle of Caste. We, the free colored people of the country, are the victims of a cruel and seemingly relentless prejudice, which cries out “unclean, UNCLEAN, UNCLEAN” against us; a prejudice which strives to sever the golden cord that binds us to God and heaven; buries us almost out of sight of the sun and moon and stars; and then, with Christian (?) complacency, bids the world look scornfully upon us, and even taunts us with the allegation of innate inferiority. The schools of the country, for the most part, her colleges, and her churches, are closed against us. The writer of this article was once told while sitting upon the first floor of one of the orthodox churches of Boston, that he was out of his place, that colored people were allowed to sit in the gallery only. The idea of the heaven to which that pious sexton and his priest are travelling, must be a place of unfading joy, and resplendent magnificence, where white people shall play forever upon their golden harps; and colored people, if we, like Uncle Tom, submit to their indignities with becoming meekness, shall be permitted from the negro pew, to peep into the glory of THEIR third heaven to all eternity!!

It is not necessary to say that we indignantly left the church refereed to, rather than demean ourselves by sitting in close proximity with the ceiling. Had we been in a Spanish amphitheater, on the first floor, witnessing a bull fight, no one would have dared insult us; we should not have been told that we were out of our place; we were not, however, in so wicked a place; we were in a Christian Church, in which is dispensed a “free salvation.” There is as much Christianity in the animals that fight each other in the Spanish bull ring, (and much more in their masters,) as there is in the hearts of those orthodox brethren, by whose dictation I was, on account of my complexion, thrust out of the synagogue. This circumstance transpired in Boston, not far from the spot on which << Crispus Attucks>> , the nobel colored man fell in defense of his country. But we commenced this article with a view of adverting particularly to the growing interest being now manifested in Boston, on the subject of equal School Rights.

It may not be known to a majority of our readers, that the city of Boston is the only one in Massachusetts, where colored children are obliged to go to a school, established exclusively for them contrary to Law. White children, native and foreign, are obliged to go to those nearest their residence, in their respective wards; colored children, are compelled, some of them, to walk by twenty school, in order to reach the exclusive school, for “their kind of folks.” The parents of the children have long since grown tired of this segregative policy, and have, for years, battled manfully against it. They find that such a system engenders prejudice where it does not exist, and renders it more virulent where it does. A little Irish boy arrives today from Ireland; tomorrow, he starts to school. His mother tells him to go to the first school house, just below him. He lives next door to a colored boy, who comes out of the house at the same moment, with his satchel, and they both proceed in company. “Come,” says the Irish lad, “I am going to school too; let us both go along.” Off they start. Pretty soon, they get to the schoolhouse, and the Irish boy and the AMERICAN walk in side by side; the former, is admitted; the latter, rejected. This conduct surprises the Irish boy, for all Irish boys are not, thank God, descended from Jno. Mitchell. He asks one of the scholars “why the boy who came in with him, was driven out?” O, replies the little Dutch boy on the same seat, “he has to go the the nigger school.” Well, thinks the Irish boy very naturally, “if the colored boy is a 'nigger' that has to go the nigger school, I must not play with him.” He looks upon the colored boy from that day as an inferior being to himself, and treats him as such.
Thus the proscriptive principle works. We are wholly opposed to any recognition on our part, as a people, of the righteousness of the “sit-thou-there; I am holier-than-thou-principle,” whether developed in church or State. We should oppose it everywhere. No colored schools, on colored churches in those places, where we can assemble with the whites, on terms of perfect equality. If we, ourselves, prefer occupying an isolated position if we refuse the acceptance of equal privileges, we are not worthy of them. We are acquainted with a colored man in Boston, who does not like to go to Theodore Parker's church, because there is no Jim Crow corner in it. Such a man ought to be forced to go to heaven in company with the pious sexton who politely offered us the highest seat in the synagogue.

We were led to pen these suggestions, from reading a Report of the Committee on Public Instruction, in Boston, from which we make the accompanying extract.

We are happy to find a disposition on the part of the committee to award the colored citizens of Boston, full civil privileges. We trust the ball will be kept in motion, till the Smith School shall be closed, never against to be opened as such.

The laws of Massachusetts known no man, nor woman, nor child, by the color of the skin, the texture of the hair, or the symmetry of their physical development. White and colored children go to the same schools throughout the state. Why should Boston furnish an exception?

Here follows the extract, from the Liberator:

“Every friend of law and order should be in favor of allowing all classes of citizens to participate equally, as well as generally, in the privileges of our public school; for our republican government is founded upon the general intelligence of our citizens. The people cannot be expected to obey the laws, if they are not allowed the means of being made acquainted with them; therefore their education is of primary importance, not only that they may know what the statutes are that they must obey, but that they may also know the advantages of a well-ordered, obedient community, in developing the morality, the prosperity, and the happiness of all. The School Committee could confidently count upon the support of that large and intelligent body of the community, who favor law and order. The destruction of the sprit of caste, now engendered by the exclusive system, would be hailed by them as conservative step in the administration of our school affairs. The continuation of the exclusive system, in this enlightened age, and in this philanthropic city, is doing more injury to that common school system, which is our pride and boast, than any other influence. It creates a prejudice against a class of inoffensive citizens, which will serve to develop a still stronger prejudice against another and a larger class. Dissatisfaction is sometimes expressed at the use of certain books in our schools, and it is hinted that the school fund should be divided, as some of our religious sects are anxious to have their share, and establish separate schools. With one voice the Committee would say, 'it is an unwise request;' and it doubtless is so, but the favor asked is founded upon the same general principle as is this system which excludes colored children from the benefits of all our grammar school instruction, and from that of many of our primary schools. Let us, then, pursue that judicious course, that would tend to destroy this prejudice of class against class, and secure to all our citizens, of whatever color or creed, equal rights and equal privileges.”
We shall, probably, resume this subject at a future period. W.

BOSTON MONDAY LETTER.
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BY REV. J.T. JENIFER, D.D.

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AFRICAN METHODISM AT THE “HUB.”

So far as the attendance of the congregation and the Sunday school were concerned, the fall work opened with increasing prospects, but it was with no small degree of anxiety as to the outcome that we began the routine duties. We had on our programme: Endowment Day, September 20th; New England Conference Sunday School Convention, September 22-24; Connectional Educational Convention, October 22, 25; grand concert at Tremont Temple, Mme. Selika's first appearance on her return from Europe, November 11; effort to raise $3000 in the church, November 29, and plans for raising the $12,000 needed to cancel our indebtedness on the building, and running along with this a series of discourses - “Plain Talks for Plain People,” and “The Seven Reproofs and the Seven Promises.” The good Lord be praised the good people of Boston have co-operated with us, and thus far all have been crowned with success.

The Selika concert at Tremont Temple was a grand achievement for the artistes, for the race and for our church in this city. The people of Boston gave Madame Selika and Mr. Williams quite an ovation. It is said there has never been so large a number of colored people in Tremont Temple to a concert as on Wednesday evening, November 11th. All expressed delight. Madame Selika and Mr. Williams have both made marked improvement in vocal compass, power and style Miss Carrie Melvin, of Providence, cornet soloist, is a young artist of great promise. Miss Adalaide G. Smith was at her best. Mr. Charles R. Adams and the Harvard College Quartette added much strength to the list of artistes. The programme was composed of Boston's most celebrated musical artistes of both races. His excellency Governor Geo. B. Robinson, Mayor H. O'Brien, H.B. Pierce, Secretary of State; ex-Governor Alex. H. Rice, Judge Ruffin and many other prominent citizens were among the committee who welcomed the Madame back to Boston and tendered the proceeds to the St. Charles Street A.M.E. Church. $950 were taken in, $540 cleared for the church.
Archdeacon Farrar was very enthusiastically received in Boston. Every ticket for his lectures on “Dants” and poet “Browning” was sold several days before his arrival in the city. He is every whit an Englishman. In style very simple; has great mastery over his manuscript, uses no circumlocution; so pointed in his sentences that one is inclined to be surprised at the sparceness of words used to express an idea. His articulation is such as to make him difficult to be understood at times. The great scholar is apparent at every point.
Thanksgiving Day - the day of all days in New England - is near at hand. Turkeys and squash are rising in prices, baked beans and brown bread sell well and every Yankee who can save a cent is doing so far fear of harder times. Cold weather is setting in, but we have had no snow yet.
Mr. John Fiske's story of the American Revolution, a course of thirteen lectures, are being delivered in Tremont Temple, at 11 o'clock on Tuesday and Friday mornings. The subject of the first lecture of the series is “The First Misunderstandings - 1761-67,” and a synopsis of which is as follows: The Lords of Trade and the royal governors. Franklin's plan for a federal union of the colonies under the crown. The Albany Congress of 1754. Failure of Franklin's plan. Consequences of the overthrow of the French power in North America. Shirley proposes a stamp duty. James Otis and the writs of assistance. The Judges and their salaries. The Grenville ministry. Samuel Adams, “Father of the Revolution.” The Stamp Act. Patrick Hery and the “Parson's Cause.” The Virginia resolutions. Christopher Gadsden and the New York Congress. The Sons of Liberty. Riots in Boston and New York. Repeal of the Stamp Act Grafton's ministry. How to deal with great colonial dependencies a new problem in English constitutional history. Its difficulty. Charles Townshend throws the apple of discord. Character of George III, State of parties in England. Why George III, seized the occasion to quarrel with the Americans. If the Americans had not overthrown his schemes, the British people would have had to do so at the cost of bloodshed in England.
These lectures are pretty well attended, even at this hour in the day. You perceive that nothing is said in the above about << Crispus Attucks>> .

OUR FIRST MEMORIALS MUST BE TO OUR HEROES.

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BY A.D.D.

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MR. EDITOR: - We read in your issue of the 13th inst., very interesting “Notes and Suggestions,” by our scholarly friend, Dr. I.H. Welch, in which he proposes the establishment of “two memorial scholarships” at Wilberforce University under the honored names of the late Abraham Lincoln and U.S. Grant.

With due respect for the views of the writer, and admiring the noble motives that prompt his suggestion, we dissent from his opinion. Far be it from us, in expressing our humble views, to detract one iota from the famous memory or to pluck a leaf from the laurels of two of America's most distinguished statesmen and citizens; for with humanity we applaud their triumphs in life and with humanity we mourn their premature death. Notwithstanding this fact we do not approve the idea of establishing scholarships at Wilberforce, or at any other college of the black race, as memorials to persons not identified with that race, unless some great pecuniary benefit is to be derived from the measure. If it be to perpetuate their (the heroes'') names in some way to indicate their (the black people's) appreciation and gratefulness for their humane and heroic acts towards the race, we approve of it. A certain writer in his eulogy of a deceased acknowledged hero said: “When a great man dies the State loses an ornament and the people a benefactor. They mourn his death by heartfelt eulogies, and commemorate his virtues in monumental marble.” The verification of this statement among the Caucasian race cannot be questioned. The “Father of his Country” passes from the scenes of earth and - though long years intervene - we behold a towering monument, grand, sublime, completed; a memento of the greatest republic on earth to its first great soldier and ruler. The preserver of the same republic fails a martyr; and a sorrowing nation lays him to rest in a splendid mausoleum.
“To our Martyr President,” for the second time, is the inscription on the magnificent tribute of a country to its honored dead. The “Bugle Call” summons one of the greatest warriors of the century from the fields of strife to the Elysian plains of rest; and before the remains are borne to the tomb, moneys are collected for the erection of a national, of State, of city monuments to his memory.
Then is there any lack for the perpetuation of the memory of the illustrious? They need none of our recognition in this line; for “we are weak, but they are mighty.”
The impression stamped upon the heart and mind, the inscription carved upon the memory and transmitted to history, are more durable monuments than the obelisk, the statue of liberty or the sphinx of Egypt. And the African race in America will remember the good work wrought for them through the labors of Lincoln, Grant, and a host of others. Their most lasting monument is the “thousands of men, women and children, that their indomitable courage and fertile genius have rescued from the prison house of American slavery.” These people and their descending generations will ever hear and learn of those philanthropists with pride and drop a tear of gratitude above their sleeping dust. Let this race endeavor to emulate the example of those noble characters and thus will they show their appreciation of their deeds.
Now as to the scholarships, our objections are not based upon the fact “that we love Japheth less, but that we love Ham more.” Have we not had men of our race who traveled on errands of love, of truth, of justice; men who have lived for humanity; have taken up arms and sacrificed their lives for their country? If we do not recognize their worth in memorials who will? Without race pride, and confidence in its ability to reach the acme of human progress, its regeneration is only a Utopian theory. “The regeneration of our race can be effected only by our efforts, whatever aid may come from other sources; and it must in this venture succeed, as God leads the movement and his hand guides the way.” “And now,” continues the writer of the above, “the advanced civilization of the Christianity of the world is called upon to recognize an overture to their consideration.” How true the homely expression: “Charity begins at home.” We must be the first “to recognize an overture to” our “consideration” or it will never be done by others. In our blind enthusiasm over “the noble deeds by others done,” we must not entirely ignore the noble efforts of our own men. The nation, the State, the city has never reared a monument or established a memorial as a memento of the philanthropy, heroism, or sacrifice of a negro; nor do we expect it of them. We are men and capable to act as such in this capacity at least. Do you desire to found a scholarship at our college as a memorial to some great and wise hero who answered duty's call and sacrificed his life for his fellow men? Then let it be to some black hero, (even be he not an American), thus recognizing negro manhood. Ho, ye soldiers, officers and sailors! Send in your contribution to the Toussaint L'Overture or << Crispus Attucks>> memorial scholarship fund or any name that may be selected. Or, if preferred, let the memento be “to our black boys in blue, who answered the call to arms.” This will include our valiant Sergeant Welch, Chaplain, Hunter, private Cain and thousands of other braves who felt in their heart's recess

“We glory summons to the martial scene,
The field of combat in the sphere of slaves
Who would be freemen.
Where heroes war the foremost place I claim;
The first in danger and the first in fame.”

Concerning the second scholarship, would you find some “grand and worthy name” of our race to which you would have the civilians subscribe, out of many allow me to suggest one. “A man needs only to die to be praised,” and “a dead hero has more followers than his living equal,” are adages from which we will depart in this instance. The name referred to is that of one who still lives and is laboring for race, for humanity, for God. We refer to the “father of Wilberforce University; he who, trusting in Providence to bring him out victor in the undertaking, negotiated for and purchased the same in the name of the A.M.E. Church. Would it not be fitting that the first scholarship established as a memorial be under such a name? Our encomiums are generally reserved until after the death of those whose merits we laud. A Christian worker who has approached the border of the fourth quarter century is not liable to grow vain from a recognition of his worth; but in his descent of the hill of life will only feel that, at the best, his deeds have not been as much as a grain of sand in the great globe of human affairs. Finally, our aim in this communication has not been to endeavor to thwart any plan suggested, but simply to express our humble opinion.

Wilberforce, O.

May 11, 1882
THE CHRISTIAN RECORDER
Philadelphia, PA

For the Christian Recorder.

WHAT ARE THE ELEMENTS OF TRUE MANHOOD?

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BY JOHN L. DAVIS.
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When in the beginning of God had by the word of his power created the world, when light had been ordained to divide day from night, when the heavens had been called into existence, the sea allotted its proper place, and every plant, bird, fish and beast, all had been created, God paused in his work to see that it was all good; then he summoned to his side the Holy Triune, Father, Son and Holy Ghost, and said, “Let us make man.” In the image of God they made him, and gave him dominion over Eden, that fairest garden spot on earth, where every tree, shrub and flower had on its richest hue, where bird and beast alike were friends, where the sun of heaven our shone, and the Tigris and Euphrates rolled between. There God placed man, the highest conception of his creative power, perfect in morals, symmetry and beauty, only to be obedience to his Maker and enjoy him forever. From this high state man fell by being disobedient and was driven forth from Eden into the world, to earn his bread by the sweat of his brow.
Were it our object to treat this subject exhaustively, gladly would we trace from the fall those elements of true manhood that have characterized ancient times and peoples; it would be interesting to consider that at the time when Ninevah and Baylon were the empire cities of the East, when Xe xes wept to think a hundred years would find his millions dead; when Hannibal carried his victorious armies over the Alps to conquer Rome, that the elements of true manhood consisted in being a warrior, and man's highest glory was to count the conquests he had won, the victims he had slain. But today, with the story of the cross to guide us, and the sun of civilization high up the heavens, we place the standard upon a higher basis of merit than of battles or of carnal victories. The elements of true manhood are found in two parts, namely, duties and rights. We propose to consider them separately first and then by uniting the two, establish the fact, if possible, that they are correlative to each other, and the perfect man, as far as perfection can be attained today, is he who considers with equal care what has duties as well as what his rights are. If in the following pages you find me continually taking the members of my own race as examples of illustration, attribute it to, and pardon me of, the deep love I have for the noble men with negro blood in their veins who have made their names familiar household words in the houses of a liberty-loving people.
Let us first inquire man's duties by inquiring what is his first duty? It is piety, obedience to God. This is the foundation rock upon which the whole structure of the man is to rest: it is the corner stone which shall contain his true intrinsic worth, and make him in the eyes of his Maker a being worthy of his richest blessings, and in the eyes of his fellow men fit example to follow after. Piety as an element of manhood consists not so much in worship, religion, creed or doctrine, but in obeying the commandments, and especially that last, new and all-important one, to love thy neighbor as thyself. This was one of the underlying elements of manhood, standing out in bold relief that filled the breast of our own Bishop Allen when in 1793 he gave, with the benediction of heaven, the A.M.E. Church of America to the world.

Secondly, under duties, let us consider industry. Nothing can be accomplished in this world, and especially in this part of it, without labor. Hard, earnest, faithful toil is the price of success today, nor does it matter how unjust we count the law, it is firmly fixed in its established this all-important element of manhood, calmly faces facts and settles down to a determination to carve out his own destiny by being industrious. The stimulating principle of industry is in using our time and talents in such a way that we benefit ourselves and these around us in living not for today, but tomorrow and eternity; in climbing up the hill ourselves and carrying our fellow men with us. Such, indeed, was the untiring industry of Bannaker, who, though a slave, gave to the then young America its first almanac and received, both from the President of the United States and the London Geographical Society, the highest praise as astronomical scholar. As one of the important elements of manhood, industry should be considered next to piety.

Thirdly, under duties is temperance. As you sit and calmly think of the surging current of intoxication as it sweeps the land; the crime, misery and degradation caused by it; the homes made desolate, wives made widows, children made orphans, and hearths where should reign joy and peace, made wretched and loathsome, all on account of intemperance, can you blame me if I say that temperance as one of the elements of true manhood is the most important of them all? He who lacks this type of manhood; from the minister in his pulpit to the clerk at his desk, belies that manhood, and in continuing in the evil sinks his reputation on earth and his soul in hell. Society is largely itself to blame for a great many of the drunkards today by encouraging social drinking, and young ladies often allow in their company gentlemen whose actions plainly show them to have been drinking something stronger than tea, while no gentlemen will allow himself to be seen with an intoxicated lady. If there is any principle of right in strong drinks, then the ladies as well as the gentlemen should have the right to keep their positions in society, even if they did drink, but if there is not; and I fail to see how you can claim one, then no true lady will tolerate for an instant from a gentleman what a gentleman would not tolerate from her, and society, now corrupted with the evil of social drinking, would ere long be greatly purified if all the single ladies made up their minds not to marry a man if he drank. Truly has it been said:

“Grant him knowledge, power, wisdom the skies to scan,
Yet, lacking temperance, he is not a man.”

Fourthly, under duties is patriotism, love of country. When in 1850 the Colonization Society was busy in sending to Africa those who wished by that means either to secure their freedom or leave the land of their birth in order to be away from the contempt they met here [ ] hand, the argument was that the dark continent was our country, our home. Waiving all arguments as to time, Africa is not, but America is our country and our home. Here our sires have toiled, prayed and died; here have they tilled the ground and made the hills and valleys re-echo with their songs of praise, their petitions for deliverance; here has the soil drank of their blood in behalf of freedom, and here we mean to stay, and every man of us with our hearts filled with that element of true manhood and patriotism we intend by the help of God to stay forever here and build up our country's, our people's cause. It is this spirit that has given to all nations their greatest men, it took L'Ouverture from his spelling-book and made him the father of his country. It took << Crispus Attucks>> from the position of a menial to be the first martyr of the Revolution and it took the Honorable Frederick Douglass from the shambles of slavery to the palaces of State, and it will take any man to a high position in the hearts of his countrymen, if he is true to his God, his flag, his people.
Fifthly, under duties is faith in God. We purposely left this as the last of the duties that we shall write on at length, because it serves as a kind of partition wall between our first duty. As piety impels us to works of righteousness, so faith impells us to hope for life eternal when earthly tasks are ended. As an element of true man hood it characterizes the Christian in all his dealings with his fellow men, by his desire to promote the happiness of those around him, though his enemies, by instilling in them the blessed principles of the gospel. There are two other very important duties, namely, truth and self-culture, which are worthy of our consideration at length, but it would make this article too long to enter upon them, therefore to pay them a passing glance as the elements of true manhood, let us remark without self-culture a man is worthless, without truth, he is more so, and without both, and indeed is his condition.
We now turn our attention to rights. Man's duties lie in the performance of these just acts both in a spiritual and temporal sense that make him a type of Christian manhood; his rights in what he ought to have as a member of society in recognition of that standing. Man's first right is to have as the fountain source of his existence a grand, noble character leading him to desire and to hold his proper place in the community and no more.
Cherishing for himself nothing of a performance of the preceding duties only so far as he acts up to them in his daily life, doing good from principle rather than policy, advancing the well-being of all he comes in contact with, to the glory of God in his day and generation, and to the establishment of Christ's kingdom here upon earth. If there is one bright gem held sacred in the heart of every man possessing the elements of true manhood, it is liberty; without it, well might the angels weep at the far down depths of degradation to which man could sink. Although we put this as second under rights, it will ever hold its place as man's first right; without it life is worthless, it is his first, last and most important right; no money, station, or honor can purchase it of the true man. It makes him love his home as the dearest spot on earth, because he has his liberty there, it draws a people together for the common welfare of their country, because they love liberty second to life, and in an hour of danger it fills every man with that burning zeal for freedom that characterized the old hero of Harper's Ferry when he said: “Though you kill this body of mine, yet from every grain of dust that composes it, there will rise up in the future a defender of the cause of John Brown of Osawatomie.” The third and last element under rights, is reputation. A mistake is often made in arguing that a man is worthy of our regard because he has a good reputation, yet people have been known to have good reputations but bad characters. Now, a man's character is his true worth, while his reputation may be a mistaken opinion of him. As an element of true manhood. As an element of true manhood every man should try to be truly worth a reputation; to win the esteem of manhood upon his merits as a law-abiding citizen. To sum up, therefore, the result of this sketch on the elements of true manhood, we find them to consist first in his duties to God and his fellow men, then in his rights, wherein he may use those duties for the benefit of all around him. As man has piety so let him have character; as he has industry to let him have liberty; as he has faith in God so let him have reputation and temperance. Then, with these noble elements of manhood instilled in his whole being, we would place him before her who possesses all the elements of true womanhood, and exclaim, “Man, behold thy daughter, woman behold thy son!”

Howard University.